假新闻：修订间差异

'''假新闻'''（Fake news）是指以[[新闻]]报道形式呈现的虚假或误导性信息（包括[[错误信息]]、[[虚假信息]]、[[政治宣传]]和[[恶作剧]]）。<ref name="Guardian12.17.16">Hunt, Elle. [https://www.theguardian.com/media/2016/dec/18/what-is-fake-news-pizzagate What is fake news? How to spot it and what you can do to stop it]. The Guardian, 2016-12-17.</ref> 假新闻通常旨在[[诽谤|损害个人或实体的声誉]]，<ref name="USNewsWR">Schlesinger, Robert. [https://www.usnews.com/opinion/thomas-jefferson-street/articles/2017-04-14/what-is-fake-news-maybe-not-what-you-think "Fake news in reality"]. U.S. News & World Report, 2017-04-14.</ref> 或通过[[广告]]收入牟利。<ref name=":0">Braun, Joshua A. & Eklund, Jessica L. [https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/21670811.2018.1556314 Fake News, Real Money: Ad Tech Platforms, Profit-Driven Hoaxes, and the Business of Journalism]. Digital Journalism, 2019-01-02, 7(1): 1–21.</ref> 虽然虚假新闻在历史上一直存在，但“假新闻”一词最早使用于19世纪90年代，当时报纸上普遍存在耸人听闻的报道。<ref name="webster">[https://www.merriam-webster.com/wordplay/the-real-story-of-fake-news The Real Story of 'Fake News']. Merriam-Webster.</ref><ref name="politico">Soll, Jacob. [https://www.politico.com/magazine/story/2016/12/fake-news-history-long-violent-214535/ The long and brutal history of fake news]. Politico Magazine, 2016-12-18.</ref> 然而，该术语并没有固定的定义，已被广泛应用于任何类型的伪装成新闻的虚假信息。高知名度人士也常利用此词来指代任何对他们不利的新闻。